System of engine-cooling and car-heating.



W. E. VER PLANGK H. G. CHATAIN. SYSTEM or ENGINE COOLING AND CAR HEATING,

APPLIDATIDN FILED MAY 13, 1912.

1,1 18,601. Patented N0v.24,1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Inventors. ek Henri GChatan3- William Ever" DIHCK.

W. E. VER PLANCK L H. G. OHATAIN.

SYSTEM of ENGINE COOLING AND GAP. HEATING.

APPLICATION T1LYDMAY13.1912.

Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

2 SHEETS-"SHEET 2.

Wetmeef:

Inventors. Her/Wl GChatam. William E Ver" plamcK, @MMI/QM flttg.

UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM EVERETT VER PLANCK AND HENRI G. CHATAIN, 0F ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA,

ASSIGNORS T0 GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPDBLTION 0F NEW YORK.

SYSTEM OF ENGINE-CODLING .AND GAR-HEATIII'G.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

Application led 118.5113, 1912. Serial No. 686,976. i

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM E. Vrin PLANCK and HENRI G. CHATAIN, citizens o'f the United States, residing at Erie, county of Erie, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Systems of Engine-Coo1ingand Car-Heating, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to motor ears in which an internal combustion engine is employed for propelling purposes, and more especially to such cars where the en gine drives an electric generator and the latter supplies current to motors mounted on one or more of the car trucks. The engine and generator are mounted in the front end of the car, the remainder being devotedto passengers, baggage, etc. In such an equ1pment u meansnnust be provided for diss1pating the heat of the circulating water of the engine both n cold and hot weather. It is also necessary to provide a means for heating the car in cold weather. The principal problems presented are first, to etiect1velv ccnl the en ine circulating water; second, to properly eat the car during cold weather and third to prevent the circulating Water from freezing in the radiatorl or pipes or parts connected therewith' when the engine is idle.

ln carrying out our invention, the engine is provided with a suitable jacket to permit of the circulation of cooling water and this is connected b v flexible pipes or hose of large diameter to a radiator that is mounted on and conforms to the shape of the roof as nearly as possible. Such an arrangement has the advantage that a very large surface area for cooling may be provided; that the radiator is located in a position where it is ractically free from danger of injury; that 1t is out of the path of dust and dirt, and is subjected to the maximum effects of the cooling currents of air when the car is in motion. A heater is also provided having a coal fire or other source of heat for heating water that is circulated through heating coils located in the various compartments of the car.

In order to prevent the water in the radiatqr from freezing in cold Weather when the engine is idle, means must be `provided for heating. the circulating water arid in this connection it is to be noted that the problem is a serious one since the radiator havin been pur osely designed to dissipate heat o the circa ating water as rapidly as possible will similarly dissipate heat from whatever source it may be received. It is also necessary to keep the water in the heating coils in the car itself from freezing. To this end what may be termed a double system is provided that may or may not be interconnected as conditions require. Under running conditions the hot circulating water rises by convection to the lodiator, is cooled therein and flows back to the lower end of the cooling jacket of the en 'ne cylinder. The heater contains a coil o pipe or other means filled with hot water, said pipe or means being connected to'an expansion tank located on the car roof and to the heating coils in the car itself. i

.Assuming now that thecar is to be left in a cold place with the engine shut down: This means that whereas there were two sources of heat available there islonly one now, z'jeLthe heater. As before stated the cooling and heating systems may be interconnected. Therefore by manipulating valve means located n the piping the cooling system is `switc led into circuit with the heater and the latter then supplies heat to botlrno'f said systems. W'e have been ableto obtain the best heating effects by so arranging the `heater that under these conditions the several parts to be heated are connect/ed i in multiple with the coil or other heat supplying part of the heater. The multiple arrangement has the advantage of decreasing the resistance to low of the water and perlnitting the utilization of the same expansion tank. It also enables us to avoid the expense of a circulating pump and the cost and troubles incident to its upkeep. As an additional means for 'preventing the rapid radiation of heat from the radiator it may be 1covered by canvas or equivalent materia In order to further im rove the cooling and heating systems of t e engine by reducing the resistance to flow of the cooling water and thereby increasing its effective action, the cooling jackets of the engine are divided into two groups, each bem connected to `V'itsfown radiator, said ra iators lll groups, each receiving 'not water from separate heating coils in tie heater, both of said groups utilizing the saine expansion tank.

IOther features of our invention will be more fully described hereinafter.

ln the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one of the embodiments of our invention, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of the heating and cooling systems: Fig. 2 is a view part in section and partly in elevation of an' indicator to show the level of water in the radiator; Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing one of the headers and the overflow tank; and Fig. 4 is a detail view showing the arrangement of conduits for conveyin water to and from the cooling jackets o .the engine cylinders.

Referring to Fig. 1, 10 indicates the floor of the cab containing the apparatus, 11 the side wall thereof and 12 the roof. 13 indicates the main internal combustion engine for propelling the vehicle. It ,is provided with cylinders 14 and 15 arranged in sets of four each. 16 "indicates a small internal combustion engine for driving a generator for lighting the car, and driving an air puinp1 the latter supplying compressed air for starting, braking, etc. 1l indicates a heater of any suitable construction having a burner 18 of any desired character for supplying heat to the heating coils. 20, 21.

22 and 23 indicate heatingucoils located in different parts of the car for heating purposes. These coils are divided into two` groups or sets arranged on opposite 'sides of` the car. In the present illustration the left-hand coils are .supplied with hot water from the heating coil 24 and the righthand coils 2,1, 22, 23 with hot water from the coil 25. 26 indicates an expansion tank located above the roof of the car to which the coils 24 and 25 are connected by the Vpipes 27 and 28. 29 indicates the pipe leadingfroin the expansion tank to one end of the hcatinv coil 20, and containing a cross valve 30 which normally closes the pipe 31 leading to the upper left-hand header of the radiator 32. VVllen the heating S Stem S operating independently of tlie coo ing system this cross valve is closed, and when the heating system and` the radiator are interi-,onnected the valve is opened. 32*L indicates the pipe leading from the expansion tank 26 to thc right-hand heating coilsI 21', 22, 23.' ln this pipe is a cross valve 33 which closes the pipe 34 loading to the riglit-hand upper lil-ader ol the radiator when the heating systemon the right-hand side of the car is operating independently of the coolin system. 35 indicates the return pipe from t e ri hthand heating coils to the heater 17, ain 36 the return pipe of the left land heating coils 20 leading to the heater. 1. In order to lill the left-hand heating coils 20 and 24 a valved connection 37 1s provided-towhich ii .hose can be attached. The right-hand set of heating coils and coil 25 in theheater can be filled by the valved connections 38 or 39 as desired.

llie radiator comprises two principal sections, one on the riglithand side and the other on the left-hand side of the car said radiator being located above the rooi and corresponding ap roxiniatcly in shape to the curvature thereo One of these sections is associated with the set of engine cylinders 14 and the other with the set of engine cylinders 15. Each section is provided with a header 41 located at approximately the center of the car roof, and a smaller header 42, located near the side of the car. Connecting these headers are'outer tubes 43 and inner tubes 44. Only two of those tubes are shown, but it is to be understood that a multiplicity of such tub'es are provided. Cooling water after leavingthe engine flows from the upper header 41 to the lower header 42. Each of the'tubes is provided with radiating fins 45 to increase the effective radiation thereof. The lower header is connected by a `flexible pipe, such as a piece of hose 46 with the jackets of the engine cylinders. It is necessary to providea flexible connection at this point on account of the fact that the engine 13 has a certain limited amount of movement independently of the car body. l

In Fig. 4 the engine c linders 1 4 are shown inside elevation. '1` ey are provided with jackets of any suitable construction and circulating water is admitted thereto by the( vertical pipe 47 and the horizontal pipes 48` and 49.` 50 indicates a pipe that connects the casing 47 are united by the conduit 51 made in the form of a Y, and to which the pipe 46 is.

connected. Thecirculating water is disof the exhaust valves. The pipes' charged from the jacket by the conduits 52 A and 53, which are cnnected to conduit 54 also made in the form-of a Y. This conduit is connected by a ipe of rubber hose 55 with the header 41, iig. 1. Referring to this latter [i ure,the arrows indicate the direction of ow of the circulating water through the jackets. 56 .indicates a pi e that forms a downward continuation of the conduit 47,y and which is connected with the filling connection 57 that is under the control of valve 58. Said connection 57 can be used either for filling the cylinder jackets and the radiator or for draining them by opening the valve 58. The pipe 56 is also connected to the return pipe 36 leading tothe heater 17 and contains a valve 58, said valve bei-ng closed when the heating and cooling systems are operated independently. 59 indicates an equalizing pipe -for the engine jackets. This contains a valve 60. When the valve is opened the water levels in the parts of the radiator ,will be equalized through this connection. "When the valve 60 is closed one set or group of engine jackets can be out mit of service. Such an arrangement is desir'- able when for any reason one section of the radiator is injured or something hapV ens to the operating mechanism of one-ital ofthe engine. In other words, this permits of a partial operation of the car instead of a total failure, as would be the case il the cooling system entirely failed. The jackets, conduits and radiator section on the right-hand Side are of the salue construction as those on the 'left-hand. side, and hence further description on this point seems unnecessary.

In order to ascertain the level of the water in the expansion tank 26, two overflow pipes 61 and 61 are provided, the former being somewhat shorter than the latter. These pipes are provided with valves (32 and 63 and both discharge into a funnel 64, the latter discharging through a pipe to a point below the floor of the cab. Under the normal opcratilg conditions the water level should be between the u per end of the pipe 61 and that of 61a, n opening valve 63 if no water flows from the pipe G1, the operator knows that the. level is too low. Un the other hand' if on opening valve 62 water flows through pipe (ila he knows that the level is too high. i

The small engine lf3 is provided with a cooling jacket G5 which is connected :it its lower end by a` pipe (3G to the radiating syS- tem on the right-hand side of the main engine, and its u per end is connected with a 'pipe 67to a pipe 34, leading to one of the headers of the radiator.

Referring to Fig. 1 when the heating and coolin systems are operating independently the va ves 30. 33 and 58 arel closed. When, however, the engine is shut down and it is desired to operate the two systems s imultaneously from the heater these valves are opened and hot Water flows from both coils 2 4 and 25 of the heater 17 through the pipes 27 and 28 to the expansion tank 26 and thence through pipes 29 and 32 to the car heating coils 20, 21, 22 and 23, returning by pipes 35 and 36 to the coils of heater 17. ,In addition to this hot water flows through valves 30 and 33 into the vertical pipes 31 and 34 opening into the upper headersl 41 of the radiator. From these headers the hot water flows downward through pipes 55 to both sets of cylinder jackets. After passing through the iackcts the water isvreturned to the coils of the heater by pipes 5G and pipes 35 and 3C, these latter communicating with the heating coils 24 and 25. Under these conditions valves 58 and 89 must be open. Hot water also flows from the upperhcaders 4l. through the radiator tubes Il and 44 to the lower headers 42 fromwhich it tiows by the rubber hose or pipes 4G to the lower ends of the engine jackets and disehar es' into the pipes 56 which return the ws; er

from the engine jackets to the coils 24 and 25 'of heater 17 as before stated. Ilot water also Hows from the pipe 34 leading to the header il by pipe (i7 to the jacket of the small engine from which it is returned to the inain Supply by the pipe Gli.

By the above'arrangement it will he nolcd that when the engine is shut down one set of' coolinor jackets and radiators is connectcd in with cach car heating coil, the jackets, radiator and heating coil on each side being in parallel with each other. By closingo one of the valves 5S the valve (i0 being open, we can connect both sets of engine cylinders and radiators to a single one of the heating coils. Such an arrangementmight prove desirable, as for example, in case one of the coils of the heater was burned out.

In order to avoid the danger incident to low Water in the radiator an indicator is provided of the character shown in Fig. 2, in which indicates a tubular chambrred member containing a body of water. Suported by the water is a hollow metal lioat t7 that is connected to a tube 7S. Located within this tube is a second tube 79 which rises considerably above the maximum predetermined level of the water. Extending' through the tube 79 and attached to the outer tube 78 is a small rod 80 to the lower end of which is attachedA an indicator 81 that bv comparison with a flat plate 82 indicates the position of the float, 77 in the float chamber, and therefore the level of the water therein. Preferably the plate 82 is painted with different colors so that the attention of the operator may be more readily attracted, particularly when the Water is getting low. As shown the tubular member 75 extends upwardly through the header 41, and also through the overflow tank 83 which is mounted on top of the header. 43 and 44 indicate the tubes extending from the upper to the lower header. The lower end of the tubular member 7 5 is perforated at 84 to permit water to enter the iloat chamber from the water chamber 85 of the header. AV lguard 86 is also provided, which stands in front of the'opening 84 and acts to prevent the movement of the water in the chamber 85, due to'car movements, from dreptly affecting the float.

Referring to Fig. 3, we have shown one ot the headers, 41 in longitudinal section. In order to further improve the operation of the cooling system an overflow tank 83 is provided whose cubical contents is preferably a little bit greater than that of the water jackets o'f the engine, so that in the event of the engine becoming over heated,

and causingsteam, an amount of water equal to the contentsof the jackets may be discharged from the headers into said overow tank. The transfer o f water from one tank it ont of service, the burner of course being' 4under such conditions the heat of the en- 'ine or engines maybe utilized in sup lying hot water to the car heating coils. r ring. to Fig. 1, a valve 88 is placed 1n the pipe 46 leading fromtlieradiator to the engine. A second valve 89 'is placed in the pipe 3G leading to the heating coil 24 to cut out of action'. Similar arrangements should be provided for the'right-hand side of the system. To utilize the -heat fromthe enine the valve 88 is wholly or partially closed epending upon conditions and the valve $9 is shut. Hot Water from the engine w1ll now Howto theqlieader 41, thence through pipes 3l and 29, through -the 'coil 2O and val\e .38 back to the engine. If the valve 88 is partially open some Water will flow through the radiator and return to the enine. The amount that this valve is opened will he determinedby the ,temperature of the engine, care being exercised not to overheat it.

ln accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, we have described the principle of operation of `our inventioin together with the apparatus which we now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but we desire to have it understood that the ap aratus shown is only illustrative, and that tlie invention can he carried out by other means. 1

fluit we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,-

1. In combination, an engine, an inclosure therefor, a coolin that extends outside of the inclosure, a water-circulating heating system that is norinallyindependent in its operation of the coolingsysteln and is located within the inclosure, and valved means for connectin the cooling system in multi-relation to the criting svstein and disconnecting it therefrom. il. n combination, an engine having a cooling jacket, a radiator for dissipating the heat of the iluidcirculating through the jai-kut, a water-circulating heating system having a heater that is normally disconnected from the jacket, said system operating independently of the cooling system of the engine, an valved means for connecting the jacket and radiator to the heater iu multiple with the heating systenrwhen the engine is '-L shut down.

efersystem for the engine` 3. `In combination, `an engine having e cooling jacket, an inclosure for the engine, a radiator located outside of the inclosure, conduits connecting the jacket and the radiator, a water-circulating heater locdted inside the inclosure and operating independently of the cooling system of the engine, heating coils connected therewith, and valved means for connecting the radiator to the heater in multiple with `the heating coils to impart heat to the fluid 'passing t erethrough.

4. The combination with an engine having a cooling system comprisingw, cooling jacket, a radiator, and conduits connecting the jacket with the radiator, and a heating system comprising an expansion tank, a heater, and heating coils connected with the heater and expansion tank, said systems being no1" mally independent in operation, of valved` connections between the engine jacket and an inlet to the heater whereby said jacket may be connected to the heater.

5. In combination, an engine having coolingjackets divided into groups, a radiator, conduits connecting each of the groups to the radiator, heating coils also arranged in' groups,the flow of liquid through the engine jackets and heating coils being rnormally independent, a heater for Supplying hot water to the groups of heating coils, and means for connecting the roups of engine jackets and the radiator wit the heater when the engine is shut down.

6. In combination, an engine, each cylinder of which is provided with a water jacket, connections connecting the jackets in multiple as regards the iiow'of cooling water, a radiator, conduit means that conveys water from all of the jackets to the radiator, a second conduit means that receives water from the radiator and supplies it in' multiple to all of the engine jackets, a heater, a water-circulating heating system connected thereto, and means for connecting the jackets and the radiator to the hcatingsystem in multiple therewith. i

7. In combination, a vehicle, an engine for propelling the same` an air cooled radiator mounted on the roof of the vehicle for dissipating the heat of the lluid circulating through the jackets of the engine, a heater located within the vehicle, a water-circulating heating system connected thereto, lluid carrying connections that unite the heater with the radiator ,in multiple with the heating system, and valves in the connections whiclnare normally closed lull are opened when it is desired to connect the radiator to the healci to prevent the water therein from falling below h predetermined temperature.

8. ln combination, an cnginehhaving cooling jackets arranged in sets, a divided radiitor to which the jackets are connected by pipes, a heater operating independently of the engine, groups of heating coils arranged to receive heated Huid from the heater, an expansion tank that is common to the heating coils, valve means for connecting and disconnecting the cooling jackets and radiator from the heater and tank, and a pipefor eqnalizing the level of fluid in the parts of the radi-afar.

t). In combination, a vehicle, heating coils therefor, a heater for sivlpplying [luid to the coils, an internal combustion engine which has a Huid coolingsystem that normally operates independently of the heater, and valved means for disconnecting the heater from the coils and connecting the Huid cooling system of the engine thereto.

l0. ln combination, a vehicle, an engine having cooling jackets arranged in sets, a divided radiator to which the jackets are connected hy pipes, a heater having a plurality ot .separate coils, vehicle heating coilsy connected with each heater coil, and valved means for connecting a :set` et cooling jackets to ear-h ot the healer coils.

ll. In combination, a Vehicle, an engine having cooling jackets, a radiator, pipes connecting the cooling jackets thereto, a heater having a plurality of separate coils, vehicle heating coils connected with the heater coils, anll valved means for connectin'g the cooling jackets te' one of said heater 3F connected by pipes, a heater having a plu- 3L:

rality of separate coils, vehicle heating coils connected with each heater coil, and valred means for connecting a division ot the radiator to each of the heater coils.

13. In combination, a vehicle` an engine 4Q having cooling'jackets arrange in Sets, a divldi radiator to Whlch the jackets are connected by pipes, a heater haring a pluralityof separate coils, vehicle heating coils connected with each heater coil, and valved means for connecting a set of cooling jackets and a division of the radiator to each of the heater coils.

In witness whereof, hacian YER IIMNGK has hereunto set his hand this 18th day of April, 1912, and Hema G. CHATAIN has hereunto set his hand this 11th day of May, 1912.

WILLIAM EVERETT VER PLANCK.

HENRI G. CHATAIN.

Vitnessesz HELEN Onroan, BENJAMlN B. HULL.

to Areceive heated fluid from the heater, an expansion tank `that is common to the heatving coils, alve means for connecting and disconnecting the cooling jackets and radiator from the heater and tank, and a pipe' "therefor, a heater for supplying -lnid to the 1 Correction'i'n Letters' Patent No. 1,118,601'.

coils, an internal combustion engine which has a' fluid coolingsystem that normally opcrates independently of the heater, and valved means for disconnecting the heater from the coils and connecting the fluidfcooling system of thc engine thereto. l

l0. In combination, a Yehicle, an engine haring,r cooling jackets arranged in sets, a divided radiator to whichA the jackets are connected by pipes, a heater having a plurality of separate coils, vehicle heating coils connected with each heater coil, and valved means for -connecting a set ot cooling jackets to each oi the heater coils.

llfln combination, a Vehicle, an engine having cooling jackets, a radiator, pipes connecting the cooling jackets thereto, .a heater having; a plurality,Y 0i ,separate coils, vehicle heating coils connected With the heater coils, and valved means for connectthe Patent Ottce.

[smal in'g the cooling jackets-to' one of-said heater coils.

12. Incomloination, a vehicle, an engine having cooling. jackets arranged in sets, a divided radiator to which the jackets 'are connected by pipes, a heater having apl-u'- 3, rallty .of separate coils, vehicle heating coils connected with each heater c oil, and 'valved means forvconncetlng a division ot the radiator 4to each of the heater coils. i

13; In combination, a vehicle, an enginel ffl),

having cooling "jackets arrangef in sets, a'v divided radiator to which the jackets are connected by pipes, a heater having a plu- `rality'of separate coils, vehicle heating coils.

' connected Wit-beach heater coil, and valv'ed #is means for connecting a set ot cooling jacket'f' i i. y. i l t is hereby certified that'in Letters Patent No. 1,118,601, lgranted November 24, 1914, upon the application ot' William EverettVner Planck and vHenriGf. ('lhatain,

of Erie, Pennsylvania, t'or an improvement in Systems of Engine-Cooling and Car- Heating, an error appears in the printed specification as follows: fiage 2, line 83,

t'or theirord those read these; and that-the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the 'record ot' the case in Signed and sealed this 5th day of January, A. D., 1915.-

n. r. WHITE'HEAD,

Acting Commissioner of' Patents.

Correction in Leners Patent No. 1,118,601'.

It is helfeb1 certified that in Lettere Patent No. 1,118,61, granted November 24, 1914, upon the application of William Everett-V e Planck end Henri G. Chatain,

of Erie, Pennsylvania, `for au improvement in Systems of Engine-Cooling.` and Car- Heating, an error appears in the pl'ntecl specification as follows: Page 2, line 83, for tbeword those" read these; andi that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the ease in the' Patent Oiiice. i I i Signed and sealed this 5th day of January, AQD., 1915.

R. F. WHITEHEA D,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

[sEAnl 

